A ]Gramática Inglês

VERBO TO BE

O verbo to be é um dos verbos mais utilizados da língua inglesa e pode ser traduzido como ser ou estar.

Não existe uma regra para saber quando ele significa ser e quando

significa estar. É preciso compreender o significado da mensagem expressa como um todo, para então entender o sentido do verbo na frase.

O verbo to be é classificado como verbo irregular, uma vez que não segue as regras de formação do passado simples e do particípio passado.

Ele pode ser usado como verbo principal e como verbo auxiliar de alguns tempos verbais.

Conjugações: presente, passado e futuro

Confira as informações abaixo sobre o uso do verbo to be como verbo principal.

No Simple Present (presente simples), as flexões do verbo to be são am, is e are.

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I am	I'm	I am not	-	Am I...?
You are	You're	You are not	You aren't	Are you...?
He is	He's	He is not	He isn't	Is he...?
She is	She's	She is not	She isn't	Is she...?
It is	It's	It is not	It isn't	Is it...?
We are	We're	We are not	We aren't	Are we...?
You are	You're	You are not	You aren't	Are you...?
They are	They're	They are not	They aren't	Are they...?

Exemplos:

• I am not a doctor. (Eu não sou médica.) SER
• I am not at home. (Eu não estou em casa.) ESTAR
• Is he a soccer player? (Ele é jogador de futebol?) SER
• Is he at school? (Ele está na escola?) ESTAR
• She isn't my friend. (Ela não é minha amiga.) SER
• She isn't tired. (Ela não está cansada.) ESTAR
• What’s that? It is a turtle. (O que é aquilo? É uma tartaruga.) SER
• Where’s the book? It is on the table. (Onde está o livro? Está em cima da mesa.) ESTAR
• We aren't students. (Nós não somos alunos.) SER
• We aren't on the bus. (Nós não estamos no ônibus.) ESTAR
• You are great teachers. (Vocês são ótimos professores.) SER
• You are hungry! (Vocês estão com fome!) ESTAR
• Are they Brazilian? (Eles são brasileiros?) SER
• Are they thirsty? (Eles estão com sede?) ESTAR

Vale lembrar que no inglês, os pronomes pessoais (personal pronouns) no singular são: I, you, he, she, it. Já no plural temos: we, you e they.

No Simple Past (passado simples), as flexões do verbo to be são was e were.

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I was	-	I was not	I wasn't	Was I...?
You were	You're	You were not	You weren't	Were you...?
He was	He's	He was not	He wasn't	Was he...?
She was	She's	She was not	She wasn't	Was she...?
It was	It's	It was not	It wasn't	Was it...?
We were	We're	We were not	We weren't	Were we...?
You were	You're	You were not	You weren't	Were you...?
They were	They're	They were not	They weren't	Were they...?

Exemplos:

• I was not a doctor. (Eu não era médica.) SER
• I was not at home. (Eu não estava em casa.) ESTAR
• Was he a soccer player? (Ele era jogador de futebol?) SER
• Was he at school? (Ele estava na escola?) ESTAR
• She wasn't my friend. (Ela não era minha amiga.) SER
• She wasn't tired. (Ela não estava cansada.) ESTAR
• What’s that? It was a turtle. (O que era aquilo? Era uma tartaruga.) SER
• Where’s the book? It was on the table. (Onde estava o livro? Estava em cima da mesa.) ESTAR
• We weren't students. (Nós não éramos alunos.) SER
• We weren't on the bus. (Nós não estávamos no ônibus.) ESTAR
• You were great teachers. (Vocês eram ótimos professores.) SER
• You were hungry! (Vocês estavam com fome!) ESTAR
• Were they Brazilian? (Eles eram brasileiros?) SER
• Were they thirsty? (Eles estavam com sede?) ESTAR

Veja também: Was e were

No Simple Future (futuro simples), as flexões do verbo to be são sempre will be.

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I will be	I'll be	I will not be	I won't be	Will I be...?
You will be	You'll be	You will not be	You won't be	Will you be...?
He will be	He'll be	He will not be	He won't be	Will he be...?
She will be	She'll be	She will not be	She won't be	Will she be...?
It will be	It'll be	It will not be	It won't be	Will it be...?
We will be	We'll be	We will not be	We won't be	Will we be...?

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